Compare and contrast Essay Example for Free

Compare and contrast Essay People are always looking forward to their vacation period. There are many options where to choose. I think that the three most common places people choose for taking a vacation are the beach, mountain, and an amusement park. All three places offer a variety of fun activities. The beach offers activities that the mountain or amusement park cannot offer and vice versa. All three places are totally different. The purpose of this essay is to contrast the climate, types of activities and locations of beaches, mountains, and amusement parks. First of all, the three aspects I’m going to discuss about the mountains are climate, types of activities and location. Climate is always important in order to enjoy vacations. If a person dislikes cold weather, he or she might have a hard time in the mountains. The cold climate in the mountains is the first barrier to enjoying them. As I said before, many people don’t enjoy cold temperatures. The climate and the temperature of these zones are what determine the types of activities they offer. Snowboarding, mountain climbing, mountain biking, hiking, and skiing are some of the activities people can enjoy when going to the mountains. There are many regions that have mountains where people can go and have a great vacation. Canada is a country located in North America and full of mountain vacation sites. Inside Canada there are many interesting places where people can go and have fun. Second of all, the three aspects I’m going to discuss about the beach are climate, types of activities and location. Warm climate is one of the most important features that the beach has. Sun and fun are two words that describe the beach. The temperature in those places is always hot. The sea and the warm climate determine the activities that are available at the beach. People can swim, play volleyball, play soccer, and ride water bikes. In most of the coastal sites, there are discos and restaurants where people can dance or party throughout the night. Mexico offers many amazing coastal sites to visit. Acapulco and Cancun are two of the most beautiful and famous beaches in the world. Last but not the least, the three aspects I’m going to discuss about amusement parks are climate, types of activities and location. The climate for an amusement park is almost always hot. If a person doesn’t want to go home with sun burns then the amusement park would not be the place for them. Finally, it doesn’t matter what place a person decides to choose. The fun is 100% guaranteed. People often choose one of these three options to spend their vacations. Depending on what the person likes is what he or she will choose. I like amusement parks better than the mountains or the beach, but sometimes it is better to take a risk and try different places to enjoy.

ozone layer :: essays papers

ozone layer Summary of Learning of the Ozone Experience On the 16th of September 1987, negotiators meeting in Montreal finalized a landmark in international environmental diplomacy: the Montreal Protocol on Substances That Deplete the Ozone Layer. The Successful Conclusion of the negotiations in Montreal was widely hailed at the time as a historic even. As the protocol was the most ambitious attempt ever to combat environmental degradation on a global scale. In the 10 years since that meeting in Montreal, the accord has set in motion myriad actions by national governments, international organizations, scientists, private enterprises, and individual consumers. The results are clear: by 1995, global production of the most significant ozone-depleting substance (ODS) the chlorine, containing chlorofluorocarbon (CFCs) was down 76 percent from its peak in 1988. But three is a substantial lag between the time when emissions begin to decline and the point at which the ozone layer begins to recover, as it takes years for CFCs and other ozone-depleting compounds to reach the stratosphere, and some last for centuries once there. Yet it is clear that the Montreal Protocol ushered in a new era of environmental diplomacy. Although in some ways the ozone story is an inspiration, in other respects it is a cautionary tale. Since it’s beginning, the ozone experience has been characterized by a path breaking partnership between scientist and international policymakers. When CFCs were invented in the late twenties, they were viewed as wonder chemicals nontoxic, nonflammable, non-corrosive, and stable. The seeds of the Montreal Protocol were sown in 1974, when chemist Mario Molina and Sherwood Rowland at the University of California at Irvine published a landmark article in Nature. It hypothesized that the stability CFCs, while an asset for industrial applications, might prove deadly for the ozone layer. Yet the scientific process was initially slow to yield clear answers. Indeed, models in the early eighties suggested that CFCs would cause less severe ozone depletion than Molina and Rowland had initially hypothesized. Fortunately, the scientific collaboration initiated years earlier began to bear fruit. Two months after the Vienna agreement was reached, a scientific bombshell provided a much-needed jolt to protocol negotiations just then getting under way. The findings took the world by surprise: no such precipitous decline had been predicted by any atmosphere models. Ten years after the historic Montreal signing ceremony, the response to the protocol around the world has been substantial indeed.

How Fed Uses Open Market Operations Essay

Open market operations, which consist of purchases and sales of government securities, is the Federal Reserve’s conventional device for exercising monetary policy. Based on the Fed, the term monetary policy refers to the actions taken by a central bank to influence the availability and cost of money and credit and to help promote national economic goals (FederalReserve.gov). These securities transactions help dictate the federal funds rate (rate at which banks lend excess reserves to one another). The fed funds rate is significant to our economy because it somewhat controls the overall financial situation, affecting employment, output, and the overall level of prices. FOMC In 1913, the Federal Reserve Act was passed, giving the Fed authority for setting monetary policy. In 1935, the Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) was created. They are the board in charge of setting monetary policy for the Fed. THE FOMC implements the policies and also discloses them to the public. The board consists of 12 members that serve one-year terms on a â€Å"rotating basis†. They hold 8 scheduled meetings a year, and discuss economic and financial conditions, proper stances of monetary policy, and risk-assessments of things like price stability and sustainable economic growth (FederalReserve.gov). GOALS of MONETARY POLICY The two primary goals of monetary policy are to promote sustainable output and employment to the highest capacity and to promote price stability. Although monetary policy cannot affect these two things in the long run, it certainly can help influence them in the short-term. An example of this is interest rates. The Fed can lower interest rates to help raise demand and thus help to momentarily stimulate the economy. The problem with this, though, can be inflation. In the long run, attempting to fuel an economy beyond its capabilities will not help unemployment rates or output, but rather, just create more inflation, hurting economic growth. OPEN MARKET OPERATIONS: TOOL of MONETARY POLICY Open market operations are very useful in exercising monetary policy due to their relation with the total supply of balances at the Federal Reserve and the federal funds rate (Edwards, pg. 859). At the federal funds market, using the fed funds rate, depository institutions lend Federal Reserves balances to one another. The total amount of Federal Reserve balances that are available to these institutions is assessed via open market operations. These operations are aimed at either achieving a desired quantity of balances, or a desired price. The problem is that it is difficult to attain both, considering they negatively converse one another. According to Cheryl L. Edwards, of the Boards Division of Monetary Affairs: â€Å"The greater the emphasis on a quantity objective,   the more short-run changes in the demand for balances will influence the federal funds rate; conversely, the greater the emphasis on a funds-rate objective, the more shifts in demand will influence the quantity of Federal Reserve balances.† Throughout the years, the Fed has used both methods for open market operations. ADVANTAGES There are numerous reasons as to why the Fed uses open market operations to control monetary policy. First, the Fed has complete control over the type of open market operation and its size. Second, open market operations can be implemented quite hastily and without delays. They are also flexible, so the Fed can quickly reverse any mistakes. Lastly, the funds rate lets the FED adjust reserve balances when things past the Fed’s control cause reserves to rise and fall (Akhtar,1997). DISADVANTAGES With everything, there are advantages and disadvantages. The disadvantages of open market operations relate to specific, isolated situations. For example, if the money market is not developed, the central bank can’t exert full control over the bank reserves(blurit.com). Also, if commercial banks have excess reserves but still use an easy lending policy, the sale of government securities will not have the intended effect of lowering cash reserves of the commercial banks. And if there is a return of notes from circulation, the securities sale might not be able to â€Å"reduce the cash reserves of member banks†. HOW FED USES OPEN MARKET OPERATIONS The Federal Reserve operates open market operations with primary dealers (government securities dealers that have a strong trading relationship with the Fed (newyorkfed.org). These dealers hold accounts at depository institutions, so when the Fed does funds transactions with the dealer at it’s bank, the transaction either adds to or takes away from the reserves in the banking system. Because of this, open market operations indirectly influence the fed funds rate. Changes to the fed funds rate ultimately have a powerful effect on other short-term rates. CONCLUSION In conclusion, open market operations have always been the most prominent of the three tools used in affecting monetary policy. In today’s technological and highly competitive financial environment, monetary policy can sometimes be difficult, but the Fed still accepts open market operations as the most essential way to control our policies. As Michael Akbar Akhtar, vice president of the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, explains: â€Å"Among the policy instruments used by the Federal Reserve, none is more important for adjusting bank reserves than open market operations, which add or drain reserves through purchases or sales of securities in the open market. Indeed, open market operations are, by far, the most powerful and flexible tool of monetary policy† BIBLIOGRAPHY – http://research.stlouisfed.org/aggreg/meeks.pdf. Understanding Open Market Operations, M.A. Akhtar. Federal Reserve Bank of NY, 1997. – http://www.federalreserve.gov/monetarypolicy/default.htm -http://www.newyorkfed.org/aboutthefed/fedpoint/fed32.html -http://www.federalreserve.gov/pubs/bulletin/1997/199711lead.PDF. Open Market Operations in the 1990’s, Cheryl L. Edwards. -http://www.blurtit.com/q696680.html

Top-5 Famous Memoirs

Here is a list of some of the most well-known memoirs for you to read and think about. Vladimir Nabokov, Speak, Memory Nabokov may be a Russian-speaking writer originally, but it is one of the things that makes him special – he writes in English, and his mastery of the language is unbelievable. It wouldn’t be completely true to call this book a recount of his life before the immigration to the United States – although it does exactly this and does it perfectly, it is to a much greater extent an excellent example of Nabokov’s style, which is a true pleasure to relish for anybody who loves English deeply. Art Spiegelman, Maus There are a lot of memoirs dedicated to Holocaust, but the most famous and well-known is probably Maus by Art Spiegelman. To depict the bizarre and horrific world of German concentration camps the author uses a similarly bizarre approach: this memoir is a graphic novel and all its characters are animals, just like in some children’s comic books. One may think that it helps to alleviate the terror somewhat, but no – it only adds to the atmosphere of unimaginable horror and insanity of Nazi Germany. George Orwell, Homage to Catalonia We all know George Orwell’s 1984, we know it so well that in fact a lot of people forget that he wrote a lot of other things, including Homage to Catalonia. A brilliant memoir about the Spanish Civil War in which Orwell combines his skills of a writer and a journalist tells us the story of this conflict without taking sides, describing the events as he saw them. Robert Graves, Goodbye to All That A memoir written by a well-known British author Robert Graves when he was thirty-four; one will better understand the complexities of the book taking into account the time period it appeared. First published in 1929, this book signifies Graves’ farewell to England in particular and the old world in general, crushed and changed by the catastrophe of the First World War. With old institutions crumbling around him, Graves depicts his life in this world-changing period. Roald Dahl, Boy Childhood autobiography of the author of such excellent books as Charlie and the Chocolate Factory and James and the Giant Peach is fascinating in and of itself: it seems that his life was full of events and characters no less interesting than any of his fiction books. Taking the seemingly mundane moments he manages to turn them into a gripping story one doesn’t think of putting aside until the very end.

Personal Narrative My American Experience - 1101 Words

My American Experience Growing up in Ghana, I had heard a lot of things about the U.S. This was a country I had always wanted to visit; my prayer was answered when I got the opportunity to travel there. Arriving in a new environment came with many experiences. Adjusting with food, language and the weather was not easy. With the passage of time, however I have been able to0 adjust and fit it. This write-up therefore is to elaborate on my experiences since coming to U.S. I had many interesting experiences arriving to the U.S. The most interesting experience I had was with the food. I remember getting picked up from the airport by my parents and taken straight home. It was in the winter, they ended up getting stuck at work due to the blizzard. There was McDonald’s close to my house so I decided to buy something since I was starving to death. When I got there I couldn’t order anything, there were menus all over the place. I left there after 15 minutes because I didn’t know what kind of food it was and it scared me. My parents were able to come home the next day and they took me to Golden Corral but I still couldn’t eat. I was not used to the food and didn’t like the smell and taste of it. The sizes of the food were in larger potions which fed three to five people. The combination of their food was very ridiculous. I tried their soup and it was tasteless there was no spice. After some time, I became used to their foo d and now I eat more than they do. There is no harm inShow MoreRelatedPersonal Narrative : My American Experience1750 Words   |  7 PagesGerson Vasconcelos Dr. Daniel Glenn American Experience April 9, 2015 My American Experience Studying in a foreign country is an interesting experience of an individual lifetime. One tends to learn a number of things relating to ways of life in a foreign land. Social, political and economic values and aspects are usually different from one region to another. Therefore, through studying abroad one is able to learn different issues about another society such as gender and sexuality issues, socialRead MoreMary Rowlandsons Captivity Narrative Essay1154 Words   |  5 Pagesin early American history and society. Most Puritans escaped the tyrannical rule in England to gain religious freedom in America, which helped create an early American society. Not only did the Puritans help form the early American society and religion, they also contributed to the earliest stories and narratives to help create a rich literary history for America. Puritan literature has helped many scholars and readers learn about early American history. One of the most famous American narrativesRead Mor eAnalysis of Hunger of Memory and Self Essay1031 Words   |  5 Pagesparts could relate to my life. Also, given his story, its so interesting to me that he is against bilingual education, having benefited from it in his own life. To me, it places the book in a different light as I read it. This book is a narrative and it is telling in how his opinions were formed because the experiences that he had. In the narrative, the themes that I thought were most important were Rodriguezs experience of separation from his family, his feelings of personal alienation and finallyRead MoreEssay on Out of the Silence1445 Words   |  6 PagesThe slave narrative genre is an important part of American history. These stories are not only portraits of individual history, but also of American history. By reading the stories of the past we can better determine the path of the future. The personal stories of Frederick Douglass and Harriet Jacobs are two excellent examples of the slave narrative genr e in American literature. To be sure, bondage and oppression had a lasting and profound effect on both genders; however, men and women experiencedRead MoreThe Path to Aboliton 1312 Words   |  5 Pagesstrategies to appeal to the social and political minds of Americans striving to influence the participation of the abolition movement. One of the many strategies used by American abolitionists was the use of slave narratives. This moral persuasion was a very useful tactic. The creation of these narratives helped white northerners identify with the mindset of an African American slave in the south. The narratives illustrated the experiences slaves overcame to find freedom. Another major strategy thatRead MoreWriting About Hospitality And Tourism Essay1421 Words   |  6 Pagestourism. Collective story telling is well suited for scholarship that seeks to contextualize lived experiences and presents research data in the form of a performance, or dialogue between characters (Parry Joh nson, 2007). Collective stories drawn from interview transcripts, field notes, memos, and other research data, help to create a fictionalized narrative (Solà ³rzano Yosso, 2002). Within the narrative are fictionalized characters based on interview transcripts and field notes. Cook and DixsonRead MoreEssay about Baldwins Notes to a Native Son1712 Words   |  7 Pages showing that only an African American could have written the essay as he did. James Baldwin throughout the essay hovered from his own personal life to the world around him and his father. Baldwin weaves between narration and analysis in order to show that his own experiences dealing with the public world and his private world were similar to many other Americans at that time. 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Her novel presents a cruel demonstration of the horrors endured by slaves and the emotional and psychological effects it created for the African American community. It unmasks the realities of slavery, in which we are presented with the history of each of the characters lives and the memoriesRead MoreSummary Of In A Lonely Place By Gregory Crewdson961 Words   |  4 Pagesseveral American artists who all have influenced his work on one level or another. He states that each of the artists mentioned, in whatever medium they choose to work in, engages in â€Å"what is sometimes called the ‘American vernacular’ to reveal both its beauty and its darkness.† Their work deals â€Å"with ideas of beauty, sadness, alienation, and desire† merged â€Å"with an underlying sense of hope and possibility.† I n addition, Crewdson suggests that there is a common interest shared among these American artists:

Personal Statement For Earning An MBA - 720 Words

When professional peers are all on a level playing field, how do you differentiate yourself? My military background showcases abundant roles of leadership and responsibility, however, companies across the globe are now hiring Veterans more than ever. Any advantage my Army experience would have leveraged could potentially be comparable to another Veteran applicant interviewing for the role I want. Earning an MBA is the difference maker. I believe that the advanced education gained with an MBA from the Whitman School of Management at Syracuse University will allow me to set myself apart from the crowd and succeed in roles of greater responsibility. My current position affords me the opportunity to work alongside high level executives†¦show more content†¦I don’t want to sacrifice education quality just because the courses are from an online program. The reputation of an education from Syracuse University has removed any doubt from my mind. Program courses such as Strategic Management and Project Management really caught my attention as classes that will substantially add value to my current portfolio of skills. Learning how to develop strategies to create and sustain competitive advantage is a concept that I know will allow me to grow professionally and bring more value to my team at work. I believe that successfully graduating from the Syracuse MBA program will increase my credibility among business leaders and offer a career versatility not currently available to me. I have created a five year plan that guides my career path to becoming the Director of Logistics followed by obtaining the role of Vice Pres ident of Transportation within Preferred Materials, Inc. In addition to the education, the friendships developed with classmates and the alumni network are other advantages of an MBA. Fellow students in my program are making the effort to better themselves the same way I am, and I am looking forward to growing with them and building relationships. Meeting classmates in person through residencies or international immersion trips will serve to reinforce the rapport built throughout the semester. We will be ableShow MoreRelatedMy Personal Action Plan For 20171464 Words   |  6 PagesIncluded in my Personal Action Plan for 2017 are several goals that I need to achieve in order to reach my long-term personal objectives. They include, earning a promotion to Vice President, saving $3.5 million for retirement, maintaining my health, and attaining an MBA degree. All four long-term objectives are specific, relevant to me, in line with my life goals, and time-bound. Most importantly, they are attainable, so I can set new goals once these are m et. Furthermore, I am cognizant of theRead MoreAn Mba Program Through Application And Insight Of The Disciplines Taught Throughout The Program2206 Words   |  9 Pagesthat sink in a moment – MBA degree, let that sink in another moment. Many organizations actively recruit for qualified personnel with MBAs. Why is an MBA degree sought after? Some insight can be provided by Susan Miller (2011), author of The Essential MBA, â€Å"Few Masters degrees require a learner to have such a wide-ranging command of so many, often fairly disparate areas of enquiry† (p. 1). Another way to interpret the quote from Ms. Miller’s book is that obtaining an MBA degree is challenging andRead MoreDoes Money Bring Happiness?1338 Words   |  6 Pagesoverused and jaded that even though we know that it is true, we tend to ignore it. We want to believe that there is an easy way out of being unhappy and believe me overcoming your emotions and teaching yourself to be happy can be more di fficult that earning some bucks! All of us have at some point in time or another seen extremely rich, wealthy and famous people unhappier than what we would expect them to be, given the amount of material benefits that they have. It is surprising that a large numberRead MoreRatio Analysis of 5 Pharmacuticals Companies in Bangladesh3775 Words   |  16 PagesAnalysis Submitted to: Mr. Saud Ahmed The Course Instructor Security Analysis amp; Portfolio Management Submitted by: S.N. | Member Name | ID | 01 | Anwar Murshed | MBA 048 13912 | 02 | Mahfuj Reza | MBA 047 13761 | 03 | Tania Islam | MBA 048 13917 | 04 | Abdullah Al Mamun Khan | MBA 048 14013 | 05 | Swarna Akter | MBA 049 14397 | Date of Submission: Tuesday, November 27, 2012 Stamford University Bangladesh 44 (744 old), Satmosjid Road, Dhanmondi, Dhaka Index Chapter | Titles | PageRead MoreEffective Leadership : Howard Behar Essay1261 Words   |  6 Pagesof the human factor, as opposed to being focused only on the fiscal aspect of business. 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The MBA title stands for Master of Business Administration and implies that the person holding the degree is qualified to hold a position in senior management within a firm. An MBA manager is similar to the captain of a ship. He is responsible for making decisions and plans about the firm and for controlling the firm’s employees. The goal of an MBA manager is toRead MoreAnalyzing And Evaluating Apple Inc.1179 Words   |  5 PagesS. On the FY 2016 10-K report Apple Inc. had total net sales of $215,639,000,000, total assets of $321,686,000,000, and 116,000 full-time equivalent employees. Apple Inc. designs, manufactures and markets mobile communication and media devices, personal computers and portable digital music players, and sells a variety of related software, services, accessories, networking solutions and third party digital content applications. 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Management Leading and Managing Organizational Changee

Questions: 1. Explain the crucial role of reflective journals in experiential learning. 2. Discuss the main features of reflective writing. 3. Identify questions to address as you observe, reflect on and make sense of experiences. 4. Explain how reflection enables evaluation and restructuring of experience to gain insight, formulate new understanding, learn from experience and plan future action. Answers: Introduction This study deals with leading and organizational change. It includes reflective journal on lectures attended by the student. I have gathered facts on organizational change and leadership in each of the lecture sessions. I enjoyed each and every session and gained lot of knowledge at the same time. Each session carried role play that gave essence of practical scenario. I had actively participated in each of the role play and asked questions wherever required. Lecture 1 In the first lecture, we were explained on sources of resistance to change. It includes managerial responses as well as empathy and support. It includes communication and participation involvement for the same. It explains four phases of transition to change like denial, commitment as well as resistance and exploration in an overall manner (Ylimaki Jacobson, 2011). I have gathered facts on advantage of working in teams. It permits members in gaining new expertise as well as developing educate members. It allows knowledge in participating as well as building consensus in commitment on controversial issues. It resolves multi-ownership problems as well as avoids obvious decisions. For Instance, Taxis Vs Uber is perfect example of Resistance to change. Attending this particular lecture, I have related topic with companies like Uber. In all over cities in the world, there was ugly war between traditional taxi companies in against new form of competition. It was from Uber as well as other ride-sharing services. Lecture 2 After attending second lecture sessions, it explains the four phases of transitional change. In case of behavioral change, it adds up reinforcement in association with reward in displaying in frequent ways. As it is negative approach, it deliberately involves punishment in association of undesired behaviour in reduced frequency as well as behaviour display. It explains theories based on culture shock curve as well as psychodynamic approach. It suggests creation of sense in psychological safety concerning change at the same time (Tsoukas Chia, 2011). In the moving stage, it provides adequate information suspecting proposed changes as well as bringing actual shifts in behaviour. In the refreezing stage, it implements new evaluation system as well as hiring and promotion system in proper ways. For instance, organization manages change effectively as in case of Wesfarmers. I have analyzed that Wesfarmers shows inclination in changing with the business environment competing in global mar ketplace. It requires understanding the current state of an organization. Proactive management of change optimizes future adaptability in dealing with creative ways and industrial transformation in Wesfarmers. Lecture 3 I would like to differentiate team as well as groups in an organization. Group identity involves people defining themselves in belong to group. Group membership includes defining features of society. Group membership influences individual behaviour like providing sense of identity as well as security. It aims at developing structure including roles as well as establishing norms and expectations in members. It improves outputs in collective support for conflict in other groups. It involves in communication in form of shared knowledge (Reis Geller, 2010). Teamwork is a well-established technique that is used within organization in gaining benefits from group influences in individual behaviors. After the completion of lecture, I confidently answered questions in the next sessions. That itself is an example that we as a class worked together in the team and discussed the session in collaborative way. We have conducted interesting group discussion in the class whereby all the classmates performed for making it success. As a whole, I believe in helping other classmates in time of need. This helping attitude as well as working together left us in understanding the concept of working as a team. Lecture 4 I would like to explain on Dunbar number. It is suggestive cognitive limits for people for maintaining stable social relationships. These are relationships for individual in each person for relates in every person. In case of Metcalfes law, it states value of telecommunications network proportionate to the square in number of connected users of the system. I would like to discuss on developing leadership skills for motivating staff members as well as coaching for working in an organization (Miner, 2011). Universalism is a religious as well as philosophical concept with universal application in applicability. It includes doctrines for considering people in an organization. Contingency is a future event in prediction with certainty. For instance, I understood that Dunbar number relates directly with maintaining relationships at workplace. It is the process fir networking and building relationships. I understood the truth behind the Dunbar number. It takes time in organizing contacts as well as giving definite advantage for vast majority of people. Lecture 5 I have attended the fifth lectures session that was continuation of leadership concept. It was explained about leaders of major companies who believe their job in creation of strategy in organizational processes. I would like to comment that managers should find ways in viewing at employees strengths in comparison with weakness. Congruent occupations explain as economist. In case of social types, it explains characteristics of friendly, cooperative and understanding and termed as social worker. In case of conventional types, it includes types of efficient inflexible as well as unimaginative and termed as accountant. In case of enterprising, they should pose the skills of self confidence, ambitious and energetic and real estate agents. In case of artistic types, it should pose characteristics of imaginative, idealistic as well as emotional and impractical and occupations as musicians. I want to make a note on the personal characteristics of leaders. Leaders should have charismatic lea dership and energetic in nature. For Instance, We were explained on Holland personality job fit theory. In the realistic type, personality characteristics includes genuine, shy as well as persistent and practical in nature. Their congruent occupations are mechanic. In case of investigative, personality characteristics includes analytical, original as well as curious and independent for the same (Manuel, 2011). Lecture 6 I have gathered facts and opinions on participative management and change. Inertia is considered as the resistance of any physical object in any changes in the state of motion. It involves in speed and direction. It is the tendency for objects as well as keeping move in a straight line at constant velocity. It ensures empowerment of employees for having strong hand in managing organization. For Instance, Democratic leadership distributes responsibility among membership as well as empowering group members in aiding groups decision-making process (Linstead Hopfl, 2012). Democratic leadership styles improve in participative decision-making process. I understood that democratic leadership enables ways whereby subordinates are free in expressing their point of view in proper course of action. Lecture 7 On attending the seventh lecture sessions, I have gathered facts on planned change. It is set of activities in an organization that are mostly intentional as well as goal-oriented. One of the goals for implemmented change includes improving ability of an organization in adapting changes in environment (Iterson, 2012). Environmental scanning involves in PESTEL analysis. In the unfreezing stage, employees ready for change. Change executes intended change. In case of refreezing stage, it ensures change becomes permanent in nature. For instance, it helps in seeking changed employee behaviour for organizational success or failures of individuals as well as groups in an organization. Strategic drift is the concept of strategic management referring in responsive to organization in place of changing environment. I have gathered facts on culture that is viable in an organization. Lecture 8 I have gathered facts on forces of changes on attending the eighth lecture sessions. There are two factors that deal with changes namely External Factors as well as Internal Factors. Our lecturer explained that External factors changes due to economic factors, Political factors, cultural as well as demographic and industry factors. These factors are external in nature and difficult to bring any kind of change in an organization (Goodman 2011). Internal factors include low performance by employees, new leadership, low satisfaction as well as conflict and new mission. These factors are internal in nature and easily controllable by the management. We were also explained on the types as well as process of change. It includes planned types when conscious decisions made in responsive of specified issues. Unplanned process of change includes random as well as sudden plan without any kind of intention of addressing particular problems at the same time. In the unfreezing stage, it provides ra tionale for change as well as creates minor levels of guilt and anxiety in an overall manner. For instance, Evolutionary process of change is gradual but revolutionary process of change is rapid as well as dramatic for the same. It gives rise to unfreezing stage, changing and freezing one again. I gathered facts on role play that explained on three stage model developed by Kurt Lewin. Lecture 9 I have gathered facts on concepts like change agents. Change agents are a person that causes change for viewing at the ideas. It is the ability of using emotions in positive as well as constructive way in relationships with others (Easterby-Smith Lyles 2011). It is the ability in controlling over redirecting disruptive impulses as well as moods in before acting for the same. For instance, I would like to point out on the emotional side of changes like enjoyment, fear, surprise, shame as well as sadness and anger. Emotional Intelligence ensures persons abilities in perceiving as well as identification in managing emotions in self and others. Lecture 10 In the last lecture session, lecturers explain on leadership, culture as well as resistance to change. It discuses on aspects relating to organization change that determines from different culture groups. It explains visibility on day-to-day basis. It brings out shared beliefs, values as well as assumptions in members within an organization. It includes power distance, uncertainty avoidance as well as individualism and achievement orientation. For instance, Organizational culture involves amplified by behaviour of leaders, embedded in network of organizational practices. It includes evident in behaviors in individuals as well as groups in an overall manner. Conclusion At the end of the study, I would like to conclude that leading and organizational change takes place from time to time. This assignment is collaborative effort by my classmates and special thanks to my lecturer. Lecturer had given enough details on organizational change that make us comfortable with the subject in every form. It was fun attending lecture session and role plays at the same time. Every organization aims at bringing changes for developing as well as attainment of future goals as well as objectives. Reference List Easterby-Smith, M. Lyles, M. (2011).Handbook of organizational learning and knowledge management. Chichester, West Sussex: Wiley. Goodman, P. (2011).Organizational learning contracts. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Iterson, A. (2012).The civilized organization. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Pub. Co. Linstead, S. Hopfl, H. (2012).The aesthetics of organization. London: SAGE Publications. Manuel, M. (2011).Maritime risk and organizational learning. Farnham, U.K.: Ashgate. Miner, J. (2011).Organizational behavior 6. Armonk, N.Y.: M.E. Sharpe Inc. Reis, M. Geller, J. (2010).A manager's guide to human behavior. [New York]: American Management Association. Tsoukas, H. Chia, R. (2011).Philosophy and organization theory. Bingley, U.K.: Emerald. Ylimaki, R. Jacobson, S. (2011).US and cross-national policies, practices, and preparation. Dordrecht: Springer.